Ancient Eygptian gold pharaoh tomb against a backdrop of hieroglyphics

Fedor Selivanov/Shutterstock.com (background); Business Wire via Getty Images (sarcophagus)

Secrets of the Mummy’s Tomb

The worldwide fascination with King Tut began with the discovery of his tomb of treasures 100 years ago.

As You Read, Think About: Why are people around the world so interested in King Tut? 

Jim McMahon/Mapman®

Time was running out. British archaeologist Howard Carter and his crew had spent years digging in the blistering desert heat. They were searching for the lost underground tomb of the ancient Egyptian boy king Tutankhamen (too-tahn-KAH-muhn). 

Lord Carnarvon, a wealthy Englishman, was paying for the project. After years without success, he had given Carter just a few more months to find the tomb. 

Finally, on November 4, 1922, Carter’s crew made a promising discovery. They unearthed the first step of a stone staircase leading to a door. 

Carter couldn’t have imagined what he would find on the other side—and what the discovery would mean for history. It would spark a new fascination with ancient Egypt and make King Tut a worldwide celebrity.

Time was running out. British archaeologist Howard Carter and his crew had spent years digging in the blistering desert heat. They were searching for the lost underground tomb of the ancient Egyptian boy king. His name was Tutankhamen (too-tahn-KAH-muhn), or King Tut.

Lord Carnarvon, a wealthy Englishman, was paying for the project. After years without success, he had given Carter just a few more months to find the tomb. 

Finally, on November 4, 1922, Carter’s crew made a promising discovery. They unearthed the first step of a stone staircase. It led to a door.

Carter couldn’t have imagined what he would find on the other side. The discovery would be important for history. It would spark a new fascination with ancient Egypt. And it would make King Tut a worldwide celebrity.

Meeting the Boy King

Business Wire via Getty Images

This small golden coffin held one of Tut’s internal organs.

Before Carter’s discovery, few people knew anything about the boy king who ruled Egypt more than 3,300 years ago. Following his father’s death, Tut became pharaoh when he was just 8 or 9 years old. He reigned for about a decade before he died mysteriously around 1323 B.C. 

Ancient Egyptians believed in life after death. They preserved the bodies of their rulers as mummies and buried them with items they thought the dead would need in the afterlife. 

Carter found Tut’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings, a royal burial ground near the Nile River. Dozens of other pharaohs were buried in the area. But looters had raided many of the tombs in ancient times and stolen the treasures that lay inside. Had Tut’s hidden tomb been spared? 

With Lord Carnarvon by his side, Carter would find out on November 26, 1922. His hand trembled as he entered the tomb through a dark passageway. Carter held up a candle to peer through a hole he had made in a second sealed door. The room glittered with gold! Inside he found golden chariots, jeweled chests, and dazzling statues. The tomb appeared to be completely intact. No one in modern times had seen anything like it. 

Before Carter’s discovery, few people knew anything about the boy king. He ruled Egypt more than 3,300 years ago. Following his father’s death, Tut became pharaoh when he was just 8 or 9 years old. He reigned for about a decade before he died mysteriously around 1323 b.c.

Ancient Egyptians believed in life after death. They preserved the bodies of their rulers as mummies. They buried the mummies with items they thought the dead would need in the afterlife.

Carter found Tut’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings. That’s a royal burial ground near the Nile River. Dozens of other pharaohs were buried in the area. But looters had raided many of the tombs. They stole the treasures that lay inside. Had Tut’s hidden tomb been spared? 

With Lord Carnarvon by his side, Carter would find out on November 26, 1922. His hand trembled as he entered the tomb through a dark passageway. Carter held up a candle. He peered through a hole he had made in a second sealed door. The room glittered with gold! Inside he found golden chariots, jeweled chests, and dazzling statues. The tomb appeared to be completely intact. No one in modern times had seen anything like it. 

Rue des Archives/The Granger Collection

Howard Carter (left) and a member of his team examine King Tut’s coffin.

Tut Mania

Deeper inside the tomb, the greatest find of all awaited Carter: the burial chamber. A stone coffin called a sarcophagus held three smaller coffins. The innermost one, made of solid gold, held Tut’s mummy. He wore a magnificent golden mask.

News of the amazing discovery created a global sensation.

“For the first time, the world had an idea of the fantastic treasures that the kings of Egypt took with them to the next world,” explains Bob Brier, an expert on ancient Egypt.

Deeper inside the tomb, the greatest find of all awaited Carter. It was the burial chamber. A stone coffin called a sarcophagus held three smaller coffins. The innermost one was made of solid gold. It held Tut’s mummy. The boy king’s body wore a magnificent golden mask.

News of the amazing discovery created a global sensation.

“For the first time, the world had an idea of the fantastic treasures that the kings of Egypt took with them to the next world,” explains Bob Brier. He’s an expert on ancient Egypt. 

Rue des Archives/The Granger Collection

Did removing items from King Tut’s tomb unleash a deadly curse? 

Carter and his team spent 10 years carefully logging and removing more than 5,000 artifacts from the tomb. Many have been showcased in museums around the globe. 

Each year, more than a million visitors flock to the Valley of the Kings to explore Tut’s final resting place. That interest helps the boy king live on—thousands of years after his death.

Carter and his team spent 10 years carefully logging and removing more than 5,000 artifacts from the tomb. Many have been showcased in museums around the globe. 

Each year, more than a million visitors flock to the Valley of the Kings. There, they explore Tut’s final resting place. That interest helps the boy king live on—thousands of years after his death.

1. What do you think an archaeologist does? What clues in the text help you know?

2. Why were ancient Egyptian rulers buried with many items, according to the article?

3. What is the purpose of the sidebar, “The Pharaoh’s Curse”?

1. What do you think an archaeologist does? What clues in the text help you know?

2. Why were ancient Egyptian rulers buried with many items, according to the article?

3. What is the purpose of the sidebar, “The Pharaoh’s Curse”?

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